Mpeni Wopangira Opaleshoni Wotayidwa Chithunzi Chowonetsedwa

Mpeni Wopanda Opaleshoni Wotayidwa

Mbali:

1. Tsamba lopanda chotupa lokhala ndi m'mphepete wakuthwa bwino lomwe lili m'maphukusi otsekedwa bwino, lomwe limapereka chitetezo chachikulu komanso ululu wochepa kwa wodwala

2. Kuyeretsa: kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya gamma radiation

3. Masingano opukutidwa ndi singano zozungulira zimapezekanso

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Mafotokozedwe Akatundu

Mtundu wa Chinthu:	Tsamba Lotayidwa la Scalpel la Opaleshoni
Zipangizo:	chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Thirani mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:	Wosabala
Ntchito:	Chipatala, Chipatala, Laboratory
Kukula:	10#---36#
Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito:	zaka 5
Mitundu ya tsamba:	masamba achitsulo cha kaboni, masamba achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi masamba odulira osokera

Mtundu wa Chinthu:	Tsamba Lotayidwa la Scalpel la Opaleshoni
Zipangizo:	chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri
Thirani mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda:	Wosabala
Ntchito:	Chipatala, Chipatala, Laboratory
Kukula:	10#---36#
Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito:	zaka 5
Mitundu ya tsamba:	masamba achitsulo cha kaboni, masamba achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi masamba odulira osokera

Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 10	Popeza kuti m'mphepete mwake muli makona opindika, ndi chimodzi mwa mawonekedwe a masamba achikhalidwe ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabala ang'onoang'ono pakhungu ndi minofu. Nambala 10 nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maopaleshoni apadera monga kudula mtsempha wamagazi panthawi ya opaleshoni ya mitsempha ya mtima, kutsegula bronchus panthawi ya opaleshoni ya chifuwa komanso kukonza hernia ya Inguinal.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 11	Tsamba lalitali la triangular lokhala ndi m'mphepete mwa hypotenuse komanso lokhala ndi nsonga yolimba yolunjika yomwe imapangitsa kuti likhale labwino kwambiri poduladula. Limagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga kupanga mabala a m'chifuwa, kutsegula mitsempha ya mtima, kutsegula mtsempha wamagazi ndikuchotsa ma calcifications mu aortic kapena mitral valves.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 12	Tsamba laling'ono, lolunjika, looneka ngati crescent lonoledwa m'mphepete mwa m'mphepete mwa m'mphepete mwake. Nthawi zina limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodulira mano komanso pa arteriotomies (opaleshoni yodula mitsempha), opaleshoni ya parotid (matenda a malovu a nkhope), mabala a mucosal pa septoplasty (kukonza septum ya m'mphuno) komanso panthawi ya opaleshoni ya cleft palate, ureterolithotomies (kuchotsa calculus mwa kudula ureter) ndi pyelolithotomies (opaleshoni yodula impso ya impso kuti ichotse mwala wa impso - womwe umadziwikanso kuti pelviolithotomy).
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 12D	(nthawi zina imatchedwa 12B ku USA), ndi tsamba lakuthwa la mbali ziwiri la Nambala 12 lokhala ndi mbali ziwiri za mzere wozungulira. Limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu njira zochitira opaleshoni ya mano.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 14	Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu njira zokongoletsa zomwe zimathandiza kukonzanso zigawo zapamwamba za khungu kudzera mu njira yowongolera opaleshoni.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 15	Ndi m'mphepete wopindika pang'ono ndipo ndi mawonekedwe otchuka kwambiri a tsamba, ndi abwino kwambiri popanga mabala afupiafupi komanso olondola. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zopangira opaleshoni kuphatikizapo kuchotsa chilonda cha pakhungu kapena chotupa cha sebaceous chobwerezabwereza komanso potsegula mitsempha ya mtima.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 15C	ndi m'mphepete wautali kuposa tsamba lachikhalidwe la Nambala 15. Limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi madokotala a mano omwe amachita opaleshoni ya mano.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 20	Mtundu waukulu wa tsamba la Nambala 10 wokhala ndi m'mphepete wopindika komanso m'mphepete wosanoledwa kumbuyo. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito pochita opaleshoni ya mafupa ndi opaleshoni yanthawi zonse.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 21	mtundu waukulu wa tsamba la Nambala 10 wokhala ndi m'mphepete wopindika komanso m'mphepete wakumbuyo wosanoledwa. Waukulu kuposa Nambala 20 koma wocheperako kuposa Nambala 22.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 22	Mtundu waukulu wa tsamba la Nambala 10 wokhala ndi m'mphepete wopindika komanso m'mphepete wosanoledwa kumbuyo. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito pocheka khungu pa opaleshoni ya mtima ndi chifuwa komanso kudula bronchus mu opaleshoni yochotsa mapapo. Waukulu kuposa Nambala 20 ndi Nambala 21.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 23	Ndi m'mphepete wakumbuyo wosalala komanso wosanoledwa komanso m'mphepete wopindika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mabala ataliatali monga kudula pakati pa mimba pakukonza chilonda cham'mimba chomwe chili ndi mabowo.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 24	Chokulirapo pang'ono kuposa tsamba la Nambala 23 ndipo chili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira pang'ono. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mabala ataliatali pa opaleshoni yayikulu komanso pochita opaleshoni ya mtembo.
Tsamba la Opaleshoni Nambala 36	Tsamba lalikulu lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa opaleshoni wamba komanso mu njira za histology.